History of India

Bharat is a sub continent in eastern region who never invaded any country of the world from the days of Indus Valley Civilization.
This is a land of peace, harmony, friendship and exchanging global culture and absorbing the best out of all cast and creed.

http://indiansaga.com/history/aryans.html
Aryan is in fact a linguistic term indicating a speech group of Indo-European origin, and is not an ethnic term. However this inaccuracy has become so current in historical studies of early India that it would sound unduly obscure to refer to the Aryans as 'the Aryan speaking peoples'. In Sanskrit, however, the word 'Aryan' means 'a noble man'. Aryans were the most illustrious race in history. They were tall, fair complexioned, good-looking and cultured people. Groups of Aryans are said to have settled in different countries and developed some of the most remarkable civilizations of the world. People belonging to the various parts of the world claim themselves to the proud descendents of the Aryans. In fact Adolf Hitler used the German pride of being the descendant of the Aryans as his tool to spread racial hatred against the so-called non-Aryans, during the World War II.
Original Home of the Aryans

It is generally believed that they were not the original inhabitants of India. Many theories have been put forward in favor and against the argument. Some historians say that the original home of Aryans was Central Asia. Others are of the opinion that their original home was in southern Russia (near the Caspian sea) or in the south-east Europe (in Austria and Hungary). German scholar Max-Muller thought that the original home of the Aryans was somewhere near the Caspian Sea. From there they had migrated to the European countries. Two groups of Aryans are said to have come to Persia and India. The Aryans who had migrated to India are known as the 'Indo-Aryans'. They were the first people who entered India through the north-western passes. The common descent of the Aryans is also indicated by the fact that Sanskrit, the language of the Indo-Aryans, is closely related to many languages of Europe and some languages of Western Asia. From this it can be concluded that in olden times the ancestors of these people who spoke similar languages must have once lived as neighbors. Bhagwan S. Gidwani in his book 'The Return of the Aryans' contends that Aryans were the original inhabitants of India and from here they migrated to other places in the world. He argues that if Aryans did migrate from other places to India then why is there no reference to those places in their books, such as Vedas, Puranas, Upanishads, etc. According to Bal Gangadhar Tilak Aryans originally inhabited Siberia but due to the falling temperature had to leave Siberia for greener pastures.
Representational image | Aerial view of a site of the Indus Valley Civilisation | Commons
Text Size: A- A+
It is tragic that history books say that the Aryans invaded India and destroyed the Indus Valley Civilization. They were not kings or military commanders. They had neither an army nor weapons. They were priests, traders and people engaged in other urban occupations in Iran, fleeing in the face of religious persecution. They travelled in Indian trade ships and were brought to Indian cities by Indian traders and sailors. Not only was their coming not an invasion, even the migration was not without the consent of the people of the Sapt Sindhu. The towns and cities of Sapt Sindhu were very well-administered. This is evident from how they were maintained for such a long time. It would not have been possible for anyone to come and settle down without the consent of the government in such well-administered units and there is evidence to show that the Indo-Aryans, on arrival in India, settled down in the cities only.
The circumstances in which these Aryans came to India show that they were aware that they would be welcome. For them, fleeing from Iran was a compulsion, but coming to India was a choice, as they had several options before them. They could have gone to Turan, where Ajashrava was the king and patron of people of their religion. He continued to rule for several decades after the war with Vistasp as he is reported to have killed Zoroaster when the latter was seventy-seven years old. They could have gone to Egypt, which was a flourishing civilization and was closer. They could have gone to Greece, where some of them had gone. Amongst these options, which were easier, they chose Sapt Sindhu, a choice that reveals that they felt that it was the best for them. Evidently, they were in contact with a few prominent traders from India who welcomed their coming and offered assistance. It is only in this scenario that they could have settled down in the towns and cities of the Sapta Sindhu.
The Indo-Aryans migrated and settled in the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, believed to be close to the Ganges plain and the Indus Valley. They migrated during the late Harappan Civilization and are believed to have contributed to its end. After that, the Vedic period spread from the Indo-Gangetic plains.
The oldest Hindu scripture, Rig Veda, was composed in the early Vedic period. This was the time when the Indo-Aryans migrated to India. This period saw the rise of languages and religious interactions among people.

Also read: 2500 BC Rakhigarhi skeletons have no traces of ‘Aryan gene’, finds DNA study

This peaceful arrival in India of a highly accomplished group of people has been portrayed in history as an invasion by hordes of semi-literate, bloodthirsty tribes on horseback with iron weapons, who considered cities to be the creation of demons and so destroyed them, while the civilized people of the Sapt Sindhu were too perplexed at the very sight of such uncivilized behaviour that they not only got beaten but left the place and moved away.
There is evidence in the Veds, as well as that external to them to establish that the Indo-Aryans did not invade India, but came with the consent of the Harappan people. First, the evidence from the Veds, which have these Richas composed shortly after their arrival in the Sapt Sindhu.

Who, Agni, among your (followers) are the imprisoners of foes who among them are the protectors (of men) the splendid distributors of gifts. Who among them defend the assertion of untruth? Who are the encouragers of evil deeds?
These your friend, Agni, everywhere dispersed, were formerly unhappy, but are again fortunate. May they who, with (censorious) words, impute fraudulent (practices) to me, who pursues a straight path, bring evil upon themselves.

(Rig Ved. M-5, S-12, R-4 and 5)
These Richas are ascribed to Rishi Sutambhar Aitarey. Evidently, he is a first-generation migrant. He has seen Iran and has gone through the turbulent times. In the first Richa he is speaking of the two sides. On one side are those who imprison their foes and protect fellow beings and on the other are those who defend the assertion of untruth and encourage evil deeds. The Rishi is remembering the bad days that are over. The second is significant. It shows that the Indo-Aryans on arrival were dispersed. This indicates that the settlement of the arriving population had been managed by the administrative machinery of the towns and cities of Sapt Sindhu. The entire population concentrating in one place would have made the municipal services collapse and cause difficulties. They spread the people over the place to ensure that no single town or city gets over burdened with the additional population. This, not only speaks of the efficiency of the governance of Sapt Sindhu, but also shows that they had accepted and assimilated the new population from the very beginning.

The arriving population being dispersed also goes to prove that they were not invaders. In an invasion, the invaders are unsure of their position and feel the threat of being attacked by the local population, to counter which they stick together and often make protective structures for themselves, like forts. The Aryan population felt no such necessity and was secure even though dispersed.
The Richa proceeds to say that they were formerly unhappy, but are fortunate again, an indication that the Rishi who composed it had himself come to Sapt Sindhu and was not a descendant of one of the migrants. As he is remembering the earlier unhappy times and is grateful to be fortunate again, it is not a situation in which refugees fleeing Iran had somehow found a place to survive, but a situation in which the host has made an effort to make them comfortable. The Richa concludes with the Rishi cursing the people who had censured him and had imputed fraudulent practices to him. This reveals the identity of the people because of whom these friends of Agni were formerly unhappy.

Also read: A 4,500-old woman from Rakhigarhi spoke this week, and made Indians ask ‘Who are we?’

Apart from these Richas which directly speak of what the Indo-Aryans received on arrival, there are several passages in the Vedas which show that they were living with the Harappan people. In some of them they appear to be in their cities. A few such passages are given here.

I repeat with a (willing) mind, the unreluctant praises of Bhavya, dwelling on the banks of the Sindhu, a prince of unequalled (might), desirous of renown, who has enabled me to celebrate a thousand sacrifices.
From which generous prince, soliciting (my acceptance), I Kakshivat, unhesitatingly accepted a hundred nishkas, a hundred vigorous steeds, a thousand bulls, whereby he has spread his imperishable fame through heaven.
Ten chariots drawn by baysteeds and carrying my wives stood near me, given to me by Svanay and a thousand and sixty cows followed. These, after a short interval of time, did Kakshivat, deliver (to his father).

Contact Numbers

Emails

ADMISSION OPEN TO NEW CAMPUS
AT CHAKDAHA , NADIA, W.BENGAL
(Opposite State Hospital)

ONLINE APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION- BA HONS. (4 YRS.) , MA, PG DIPLOMA

History of India

Apply Online

Your Enquiry

History of India